A certified explicit Lieb–Oxford constant below $1.64$

The Lieb–Oxford inequality provides a universal lower bound on the classical indirect Coulomb energy of an \(N\)-particle density, \(E_{\rm ind}[\rho]\ge -C_{\rm LO}\!\int\rho^{4/3}\), with a constant \(C_{\rm LO}\) of central importance in density functional theory. Lieb–Oxford’s original estimate gave \(C_{\rm LO}\le 1.68\)